![]() ![]() The nicotine-containing aerosol it generates from tobacco is therefore the result of evaporation, torrefaction and some low-temperature pyrolysis − not combustion. So, Pulze doesn’t reach temperatures hot enough to cause burning. The closer to the heater, the hotter the tobacco gets. In Test #2 the tobacco segment was immersed in nitrogen to suppress combustion.įig 6 shows the temperature of the tobacco inside an iD stick when Pulze is used on standard mode (345☌). In Test #1 the tobacco segment was immersed in oxygen to facilitate combustion. As Fig 3 shows, in each we placed the iD stick’s tobacco segment (both the tobacco and paper wrap) in different atmospheric conditions and measured its mass as we slowly increased the temperature. Using this knowledge, we employed thermogravimetric analysis to establish at what temperature the tobacco and paper wrap used in an iD stick would start to combust. When combustion occurs, however, the fuel is depleted at an even faster rate because it reacts with oxygen causing a high energy reaction that releases heat and light. This is true for all stages of thermal decomposition – including evaporation, torrefaction and pyrolysis – processes that happen at lower temperatures than visible burning. Pulze Doesn’t Reach Temperatures Hot Enough to Cause BurningĪs heat is applied to a fuel source a chemical reaction takes place, creating new by-products while also consuming fuel. The results summarised in this video and post below, all point to the same conclusion: Pulze doesn’t create combustion. How can we be sure our HT device doesn’t cause combustion? In other words, how do we know Pulze produces an aerosol and not cigarette-like smoke? It’s also the only stage that involves visible ‘burning’. Although they require fuel and heat, they don’t require oxygen.Īs mentioned above, combustion needs all three – heat, fuel and oxygen. 4Įach of these processes occur at lower temperatures than combustion. Torrefaction and lower temperature pyrolysis are how coffee beans are roasted to create their flavour and aromas.Evaporation turns liquid into a gas this is how steam is created when water vapour is released from your kettle.You probably see products of these processes every day: However, combustion isn’t the only form of thermal degradation.Īs illustrated in Fig 2 below, evaporation, torrefaction and pyrolysis are phases of thermal decomposition that happen before combustion. The tobacco relies on oxygen in the air to burn, creating the by-products heat, light, smoke and ash. In a cigarette, tobacco acts as a fuel which ignites using a high-temperature heat source (usually from a lighter). Three elements are necessary to create the chemical process of combustion: heat, fuel and oxygen. To understand what combustion is, it’s a good idea to look at the principles of fire safety. Thermal degradation vs combustion – a crucial difference This rod penetrates the iD stick, warming the tobacco stick from the inside outwards. Pulze uses a cylindrical, ceramic rod that gently heats the tobacco to a pre-set temperature, 315 ☌ in Eco mode and 345☌ in Standard mode. This contains nicotine and tobacco aromas, with substantially fewer and lower levels of the harmful by-products of tobacco combustion. By heating – without burning – a portion of refined tobacco contained within a stick (named iD), Pulze creates an inhalable aerosol. One of these is our Next Generation heated tobacco (HT) device, Pulze. We’re looking to provide adults, who would otherwise continue to smoke, with less harmful alternatives that deliver nicotine satisfaction alongside these cues and rituals. A complex set of behavioural and sensorial rituals, like the hand-to-mouth movement or the process of exhaling smoke can also make smoking a pleasurable experience for many. One of the reasons many smokers enjoy cigarettes is that they like nicotine and the flavour of tobacco. Around 100 of these, termed Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents (HPHCs), are thought to be the primary cause of smoking-related disease. It also releases thousands of invisible chemicals. When tobacco burns, it creates light and smoke, which are both visible to the naked eye. Once lit, the tobacco in a cigarette reaches about 900☌ at the tip. It’s almost 50 years since Russell first started advocating the public health principle of tobacco harm reduction (THR), yet smoking cigarettes is still how more than one billion people across the globe continue to consume nicotine. “People smoke for the nicotine but die from the tar” Professor Michael Russell, 1976. Grant O’Connell, Strategic Science and Policy Director, explains how we know Pulze achieves this by heating without burning. Innovations that decouple nicotine from harmful tobacco combustion have significant harm reduction potential. ![]()
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